鋁合金表面處理對AM60/A390液固擴(kuò)散連接界面組織及性能的影響Effect of aluminum surface treatment on structures and properties of liquid-solid diffusion bonding interface of AM60/A390

利用壓鑄工藝將液態(tài)鎂和固態(tài)鋁液-固復(fù)合是鎂/鋁異種材料連接的新工藝，進(jìn)行鋁合金表面氧化膜去除工藝的研究，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，利用自制的液固雙金屬復(fù)合裝置將液態(tài)鎂合金AM60與處理后的固態(tài)鋁合金A390進(jìn)行液固復(fù)合。研究鋁合金表面處理對液態(tài)AM60/固態(tài)A390液固復(fù)合工藝的影響，分析研究復(fù)合試樣界面的組織和性能。結(jié)果表明：采用鋁合金表面處理工藝能有效地去除A390鋁合金表面的氧化膜，同時在其表面形成一層含La₂O₃的包覆層。包覆層一方面可保護(hù)鋁合金表面，避免再次被氧化；另一方面包覆層中的La₂O₃又可以改善液態(tài)AM60/固態(tài)A390復(fù)合界面的組織，提高界面結(jié)合強(qiáng)度。AM60/A390的液固復(fù)合界面的抗剪強(qiáng)度最高可達(dá)78.4 MPa。經(jīng)過固溶處理之后，可將強(qiáng)度提高到84 MPa。

The die-casting is a new magnesium/aluminum dissimilar welding process via casting liquid Mg alloy onto solid Al alloy substrate. The process of removing the oxide layer on solid Al substrate surface was investigated, and on this basis, the melt magnesium alloy AM60 onto solid aluminum alloy A390 was overcastted by using home-made liquid-solid bimetal composite device. The experimental results indicate the surface treatment effectively removes the nature oxide layer on solid Al substrate surface, meanwhile, a layer containing La₂O₃ forms on the substrate surface. On the one hand, the coating can make aluminum alloy avoid re-oxidation. On the other hand, the La₂O₃ in the coating can improve the structure and the bonding strength of the interface of AM60/A390 bimetals. The optimal shear strength of diffusion bonding is achieved 60.6 MPa. After solution treatment, the shear strength increases to 84 MPa.

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